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The need for this study arose from the recent energy crisis coupled with the huge potential that Nigeria has for the production of Palm Kernel Oil (PKO). Locally produced PKO was chemically modified (methanolysis) to produce PKO-based biodiesel. The
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Large percentage of palm kernel oil in Nigeria market is processed from the traditional method which is not only unhygienic but is equally labourious and time consuming. ... Three palm kernel separation methods were carried out using 25 kg of palm kernel for each. ... Oil is extracted from the seed kernel; it contains about 50% oil. Palm kernel ...
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Experimental materials Nigerian locally-produced palm kernel oil was purchased at the local market in Ogijo, Ogun state, Nigeria. 100 g PKO was used for the transesterification process. The ethanol used (99 % pure) has a boiling point of 78C, while the KOH used was also an analytical grade.
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The palm kernel seed is the ... Conference of the Nigerian ... Estimation of speed required for palm nut shell mass-sizeparticle reduction operation to enhance whole kernel separation ...
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Some physical properties of palm kernel and shell related to frictional separation were determined for tenera and dura varieties of oil palm fruits. The physical properties of palm kernel and shell of the two varieties were determined through standard procedures. The properties were: geometric mean, arithmetic mean, sphericity, aspect ratio, projected area, one …
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Comparative quality assessment of palm kernel seeds and their oil extracts from eleven locations southeast of Nigeria was carried out.in rainy and dry seasons, with a view to assessing the best ...
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This product evolution arose from the need to reduce production cost because palm oil is always cheaper than palm kernel oil in the Nigerian market. At palm kernel oil: palm oil blending ratio of 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40, savings in raw material cost is 2.2%, 3.3%, and 4.4%, respectively, and this amounts to $960,000; $7,596,774; and $7,636,708 ...
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guineensis) required in the design of palm kernel-shell separator. Figure 1: Kernel Seed/Nut Figure 2: Palm Kernel 2. Material and Methods 2.1 Sample preparation The bulk of the palm nut used for the study was procured directly from a local palm nut producing farmer at Iresa-Adu, a village in the suburb of Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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In most rural areas of Southern Nigeria where these resources (palm plantation) exists in large quantities, the local farmers still uses the manual method of cracking and separating palm kernel seed from its shell, due to the unavailability of machines for cracking and separation of palm kernels, and the limited resources to acquire the readily ...
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Keywords An assessment of palm kernel processing and storage in SouthEastern Nigeria was carried out by investigative survey approach. The survey basically ascertained the extent of mechanization ...
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(endocarp) and the kernel which it self contain an oil, quite different to palm oil, resembling coconut oil (FAO, 2004). In view of the high utility of kernel and its products, the demand for it in most Nigeria markets is increasing daily. Palm kernel from the cracked palm nuts are crushed in the palm kernel mill to get the palm kernel
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Nigeria. ABSTRACT: Cracking of palm kernel is a common process in order to separate the palm seeds from the kernel. Though, the palm kernel has been cracking with the aid of stone, ever since, due to the technological advancement there has been various palm kernel cracker machine on which there has been an improvement on them from time to time.
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Some physical properties of palm kernel and shell related to frictional separation were determined for tenera and dura varieties of oil palm fruits.
WhatsApp: +86 18221755073
Experimental materials Nigerian locally-produced palm kernel oil was purchased at the local market in Ogijo, Ogun state, Nigeria. 100 g PKO was used for the transesterification process. The ethanol used (99 % pure) has a boiling point of 78º C, …
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The capacity of the separator is 446 kg h−1 against a manual hand-picking rate of 60 kg h−1 that characterize the dry method of separation in local palm kernel oil mills in Nigeria.
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Palm kernel and other products from palm fruit processing are very important wealth creating products in Nigeria. The palm kernel seed is rich in palm kernel oil which can be extracted for different applications, while the cake are mostly used for ... for cracking and separation of palm kernels, and the limited resources to acquire the readily ...
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Effective separation of the cracked palm nut mixture is an important process in the downstream utilisation of the constituent palm kernel and shell in some existing and emerging agro-economy.
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Walnut shell–kernel separation is an essential step in the deep processing of walnut. It is a crucial factor that prevents the increase in the added value and industrial development of walnuts.
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This paper presents a design and development of an improved palm kernel shelling and sorting machine. The varying physical and mechanical properties of the identified species of palm kernel nuts during fracture, as a means of determining the critical load required to cause fracture on …
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Adejugbe et al. (2017) designed an improved palm kernel shelling and sorting machine that cracks palm nut of all sizes with an incorporated sorting unit for separation.
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While the leaves provide brooms for tidying the environment, the kernel is a major source of red palm oil used for cooking. The seed is the source of palm kernel oil (PKO) used extensively in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. ... it is the separation of palm kernel and shell. At present, techniques employed in the separation of the ...
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Comparative quality assessment of palm kernel seeds and their oil extracts from eleven locations southeast of Nigeria was carried out.in rainy and dry seasons, with a view to assessing the best ...
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Palm Kernel Oil locally produced in Anyigba (Nigeria) was used to prepare the soap with lye aqueous solution using both Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) and other additives ...
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The manual method of palm nut processing is the traditional way of cracking and separating palm kernel. It is a typical business venture for local youths and old women in the villages in which …
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Nigerian Journal of Engineering Science Research (NIJESR). 1(1): 22- 29 _____ MTM MTC(MM) MTC(TM) N1 N2 P r Syt Sut T T(MM) T(TM) V Mass of extracted oil from palm kernel oil seed (Traditional Method) Machine Throughput Capacity (Mechanical Method) Machine Throughput Capacity (Traditional Method) Speed of the driver Speed of the driven Power ...
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Nigeria. ABSTRACT: Cracking of palm kernel is a common process in order to separate the palm seeds from the kernel. Though, the palm kernel has been cracking with the aid of stone, ever since, due to the technological advancement there has been various palm kernel cracker machine on which there has been an improvement on them from time to time.
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properties of palm fruit, nut and kernel of dura variety of oil Palm tree. Materials and methods The palm fruits, kernel and nut were procured for the study from Yenegoa market in Bayelsa State, Niger Delta, Nigeria on 12th June, 2012. The samples were selected and cleaned manually. It was ensured that the fruit were cleaned
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The capacity of the separator is 446 kg h−1 against a manual hand-picking rate of 60 kg h−1 that characterize the dry method of separation in local palm kernel oil mills in Nigeria.
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PDF | On Jan 10, 2017, I Adejugbe and others published Design and Development of an Improved Palm Kernel Shelling Machine and Separator | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
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The palm kernel cracker and separator machine is composed of a feeding hoist, a shelling machine and a separating machine. It can remove three levels of palm kernel shells of different specifications at one time, and the output can reach 1T per hour. This machine is also used to process almonds, hazelnuts, peach kernels, etc.
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Click to see Palm kernel seed Nutrition Facts. Including the quantity of protein, fat, carbs, fiber and other micronutrient breakdown. ... esculenta (white cocoyam). Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,9 (10), 998-1001.2). Chemical composition of selected Nigerian oil seeds and physicochemical properties of the oil extracts. Food Chemistry, 77, 431 ...
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In most rural areas of Southern Nigeria where these resources (palm plantation) exists in large quantities, the local farmers still uses the manual method of cracking and separating palm …
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WET SEPARATION OF PALM KERNEL AND SHELL MIXTURE USING LATERITE AND ANTHILL SLURRY. 1I. L. Gold, *1D. C. Onyia, 1T. Okunwaye, 2E. Oko-Oboh and 1I. O. Akpose. 1Biochemistry Division, Nigerian institute for Oil Palm Research. PMB 1030 Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. 2 Soils and Land Management Division, Nigerian institute for Oil Palm Research ...
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The dry separation of palm kernel and shell mixture has remained an arduous challenge, particularly in handling ... Meanwhile, about 90 percent of annual palm oil production in Nigeria, generating the palm nuts for kernel extraction, is still being processed by clusters of small-scale processors (Owolarafe et al., 2002).
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The market for palm kernel oil and cake is national. With a population of over 165 million people and an estimated national population growth rate of 5.7% per annum,an average economic growth rate of 3.5% per annum in the past five {5} years, Nigeria has a large market for palm kernel oil and cake. The demand for palm kernel oil and cake is ...
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AND KERNEL OF NIGERIAN DURA AND TENERA OIL PALM VARIETIES 1-5.Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, NIGERIA ... 1993), cumin seed (Singh and Goswani, 1996), paddy rice et al. (Nalladurai, 2003), sheanut (Aviara et al., 2005), green wheat (Al-Mahasneh and Rababah, 2006), corinder seed
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